The Importance of Mathematics to Everyday Life Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Mathematics to Everyday Life Essay Despite the fact that Mathematics without a doubt has all inclusive applications to life and is a basic instrument in science, innovation, financial matters, business, trade and obviously in PC structure and working there is a general inclination for individuals to avoid it for different reasons-some vibe it is excessively troublesome while others don't see its commonsense association with regular day to day existence. Thusly, we find only few individuals who seek after this entrancing subject and the final product is that there is in every case just a little center of splendid or great mathematicians which assists with strengthening the discernment that this territory of study is just held for an elitist few. Mathematician T. Rogers in one of his talks notes: â€Å"The level of the world’s populace, or even of the world’s college taught populace, who could precisely express a solitary scientific hypothesis demonstrated over the most recent fifty years is little, littler still if Fermat’s last hypothesis is barred. On the off chance that you request that a mathematician clarify what the individual in question deals with, you will for the most part be met with a timid smile and advised that it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to do as such in a brief timeframe. On the off chance that you ask whether this bafflingly muddled work has down to earth applications (and we as a whole get requested that this from time), at that point there are different normal reactions, none of them promptly impressive.† In any case, possibly this observation is reinforced by the way in which arithmetic is instructed and that is, it is done in a lot of a deliberation and maybe if our instructors could assist understudies with seeing how these â€Å"abstract concepts† are connected or could be applied to genuine and functional circumstances then most likely this recognition could be dispersed or decreased. In short if could effectively persuade the youthful personalities of the significance of science to life. Understudies of the characteristic sciences rapidly understand the significance of arithmetic on the grounds that the territories of study vitally associated thus they handle its useful significance, in contrast to their partners in the fields of human expressions and sociologies. In any case, to accomplish this goal, instructors of arithmetic need not exclusively to be acceptable mathematicians yet should have great academic abilities also in light of the fact that encouraging this subject is an extraordinary undertaking dislike a considerable lot of different subjects in the school educational plan. Arithmetic instructors Deborah Loewenberg Ball, Heather C. Slope, and Hyman notes Bass: â€Å"Knowing science for showing requests a sort of profundity and detail that works out in a good way past what is expected to complete the calculation reliably.† In Guyana execution by understudies in science at assessments has been of worry by instructors since it has not been satisfactory despite the fact that as of late it has been improving obviously. On this score the ongoing crisis preparing for science educators led by the National Center for Educational Resource Development (NCERD) is an astute advance and this ought to be carried consistently in order to help arithmetic instructors stay up to date with new developments and procedures of showing the subject. This is a piece of the institution’s reaction to the horrible showing at this year’s Caribbean Secondary Examination Certificate (CSEC) tests. The preparation, a multi week workshop, including instructors from over the locales, is the second in a progression of five, with the following booked for February, 2010. Arithmetic Workshop, expressed that the point of the endeavor is to have educators updated with the desire that they will go along their insight to the understudies. â€Å"The instructors are from schools where understudies acquired 10 percent or less in the CSEC assessments. On the off chance that we can raise the aptitudes of the instructors who are conveying the educational program, we can raise the exhibition of the understudies at the CSEC exams,† he said. Mr. McKenzie clarified that the technique utilized for the updating procedure will see the facilitators taking the educators through activities that would be worked in class with the goal that the instructors can be acquainted with new systems of conveying material. He is right and this is the way instructional classes for our educators need to take. They need to get the opportunity to get down to the â€Å"nitty gritty† of the circumstance and configuration preparing projects to manage the real factors of the study halls and not some whimsical hypothesis or speculations which is set in a remote area and is along these lines is completely separated from the neighborhood real factors.

How a nurse's attendance can affect professionalism, pt. outcomes, etc Essay

How a medical caretaker's participation can influence demonstrable skill, pt. results, and so forth - Essay Example The accessibility of medical attendants during their work day is basic in various divisions in the emergency clinic, and therefore a glitch in this participation may prompt different issues that may happen accordingly. Territories Affected by a Nurse’s Attendance There are various zones inside clinical offices that can be influenced by the absence of appropriate participation by a medical attendant, a portion of the more basic divisions that are influenced include: Doctors Nurses can be viewed as a doctor’s right hand as they help extraordinarily in countless the exercises they are associated with. Medical attendants now and again have really been known to do the greater part of the work when contrasted with specialists in cases that don't require issues, for example, medical procedures (Chin, 2008). A specialist will come in and assess the patient to figure out what their affliction is and endorse the necessary prescription that is required yet an attendant will for th e most part assume control over the obligations from this time forward. This will incorporate obligations, for example, controlling the recommended medication, guaranteeing the measurement is according to the doctor’s guidelines, handle any further inconveniences that may happen, for example, guaranteeing the patient is agreeable also routinely looking up n them to guarantee that there are no surprising changes. On the off chance that a medical caretaker doesn't have a legitimate participation record, this may as a result cripple the doctor’s exercises as it is difficult to work without the help of an attendant close by (Chin, 2008). The absence of an accessible medical attendant may imply that a specialist will confronted with additional obligations that they should deal with themselves prompting impedance in their calendar, which would mean they may not be equipped for going to the same number of patients as they ordinarily would in situations where a medical attenda nt is accessible. Specialists handle all the duties on their own which would consequently lessen the viability of the medical clinic when all is said in done as exercises will be injured accordingly (Chin, 2008). The lateness in a medical caretaker may prompt the requirement for another to take up additional obligations, which would likewise lessen the nature of work that is done as the said nurture battles to stay aware of both their and their individual nurse’s obligations. Patients This gathering of individuals can be viewed as the ones that are for the most part influenced by a poor participation by medical attendants as their prosperity depends intensely on them. A patient injury not have the option to have adequate help offered to them without the accessibility of a medical caretaker as a specialist isn't responsible for countless things that are required by inpatients just as outpatients and the absence of an appropriate participation by an attendant will prompt this h onest gathering of individuals enduring subsequently (DeWit, 2009). Medical caretakers can be viewed as the ones who deal with the patients once the specialist has completed the process of analyzing them and given their decision of what should be done and subsequently without the accessibility of an attendant this consideration would not be feasible particularly by inpatients. Attendants can be viewed as the gatherings that connects the most with patients and play out countless obligations, for example, the managing of medication that has been endorsed to them (DeWit, 2009). Now and again, a specialist may analyze a patient and record a solution leaving it for a medical attendant to come and read at that point regulate it according to the directions. A poor participation may prompt circumstances where a patient doesn't get their drug inside the

How to Find Love Essay Topics

How to Find Love Essay TopicsThe best ways to find Love Essay Topics is to do a little homework. The whole idea of writing an essay is to come up with topics that interest you. You will want to do research so that your topics are relevant to you and your partner. If you research your topic and you can't think of anything that you want to say, then you might want to call in an essay writing service.A good essay writing service will be able to assist you in coming up with an idea for your topic. The service will give you ideas on what you can write about and you can call the company and they will put together an outline of what you want to say. This process is much easier than researching yourself, it takes you less time and is not as expensive.Another way to come up with a great essay topic is to see what others have written about the subject matter. There are plenty of free resources available online for free. You can visit forums and blogs and see what other people have to say about the topic. If you don't know about the topic or can't find anything, this method could lead you to a great opportunity.Always make sure that your topic is not too serious. People are always looking for love in all the wrong places. If you're talking about a relationship that has gone bad or is gone, it's going to be difficult to write about.Great essay topics are ones that involve your personal interests. Some people prefer to write about their favorite sport and love writing about it. Other people enjoy writing about hobbies that they like, such as scrap booking, cooking, fashion, travel and painting.When you choose topics that are popular with others, it's easy to relate to them and to have your own feelings about them. However, if your topic is too personal, it will not be that appealing to the reader. Write about something that you already know about or would like to know more about. That way, you will be creating a bond between yourself and the reader and can bond together ove r your shared interests.Another tip when choosing a topic is to choose a topic that makes you and your partner feel loved. Although, it is not a prerequisite. It is better to choose a topic that is meaningful to both of you rather than just focusing on the one person. It is a safe bet that you will be getting more attention from a topic that you chose for yourself.Finding Love Essay Topics by researching and talking to other people is a great way to come up with topics for your essay. You should start by researching the topic that interests you and the person you are writing about and then calling in a professional writer to do some research for you.

Gay Marriage - 1041 Words

Erin Krogstad Compare-Contrast Synthesis 10/11/2013 English 111x Gay Marriage Gay marriage is a topic that is heavily debated in this day and age. Whether or not it should be legal for homosexuals to get married is a theme that authors Andrew Sullivan, who wrote â€Å"For Gay Marriage† and William J. Bennett, who wrote â€Å"Against Gay Marriage† use in there articles. The main points the authors both discus is the meaning of marriage itself, the social impact same sex marriage will have on society, and the influence on children and teens. Although, the authors have similar themes disused in their topics, there are more differences in how they view same sex marriage. One of the main topics discussed in both of the articles is the†¦show more content†¦The idea of being homosexual is crossing the minds of many people, mostly young teens. The statement about how there are so many kids coming out as being gay or bisexual recently does not mean that the idea of same sex marriage is negatively affecting them. If anything, all the talk about b eing homosexual or bisexual is giving teens a chance to feel comfortable â€Å"coming out† to their friends and family. This is giving teens a way to show who they really are. Not too many years ago it was rare for teens to come out as being gay because there was such a negative stigma attached to it, but with the new development of society, people are more open to the idea of people being gay. Also, having same sex parents will not negatively affect a child. If they give equal rights to both same sex couples and straight coupes when it comes to adopting children, it should not matter whether or not a child has same sex parents or not. The only thing that would matter is that if the child that they adopted is loved and in a safe environment. In conclusion, both Sullivan and Bennett hit on the same themes thought there essays. Even though they have very different views ofShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1850 Words   |  8 Pageswhat it means to be a gay man – even if that is not the language that always would be used to describe homosexual behavior in a given place and time. In the United States, gay marriage has been legalized in all 50 states by a federal court ruling, but many Americans do not realize that there is still a long way to go in terms of embracing gay citizens (and the rest of the LGBT community) into the â€Å" societal norm.† Despite the strides that have been taken to legalize marriage for same sex couples,Read MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1848 Words   |  8 Pageswholly ashamed of. Gay marriage is legal in all 50 United States, something that has been fought for since the conception of the LGBT movement. In fact, gay couples are routinely being featured on popular t elevision and other forms of media. Some might say that in 2016, the dreams of the rioters in Stonewall have been realized. Marriage rights and the spotlight on nighttime television; equality seems to truly be right on the horizon. If one is a white, cis, gay man, that is. Gay women are featuresRead MoreThe Supreme Court Ruling On Gay Marriages893 Words   |  4 PagesIts time for me to share my opinion and perspective regarding the Supreme Court ruling on gay marriages. Forewarning, this post will be long because I have more than just an opinion to express, but rather a story to tell which will enlighten anyone who chooses to read this as to what my true perspective and opinion regarding gay marriages. (and gay people in general as a Christian) A few months ago I faced a difficult time in my life. I was homeless and I had nowhere to stay with my newborn babyRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Accepted And Respected932 Words   |  4 Pagesopen-minded. The rise in the LGTB movement has allowed people to openly express their sexuality without being discriminated against. Although homosexuality has become more socially acceptable, some states still have anti-gay laws and there are numerous individuals who believe that gay marriage is harmful and unnatural. Hozier’s â€Å"Take Me to Church,† Demi Lovato’s â€Å"Really Don’t Care† and Macklemore’s â€Å"Same Love† demonstrate society’s discrimination of homosexuals and why homosexuality should be accepted andRead MoreThe Tragedy of Gay Marriage1757 Words   |  8 PagesWorst Thing About Gay Marriage† presents an interesting argument against gay marriage that hinges upon maintaining a traditional form of marriage. He act ually claims that gay marriage is â€Å"unnecessary†(381). According to Schulman, there are 4 primary effects of marriage within his definition he calls the kinship system. First, marriage protects and controls a woman’s sexuality. Second, the possible pairings are limited by the kinship system to avoid incest or other taboos. Third, marriage creates a situationRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage1464 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage is one of the oldest, passed down traditions since the beginning of time. As humanity evolves through generations, traditions change, but the act of choosing your partner stays the same. For an example, not until President Barack Obama was in office, gay marriage was unacceptable. When President Obama announced that gay marriage was legal, that was a moment in history that will never be forgotten. The process of marriage continues to be the same, but each generation has been going outRead MoreGay Marriage And Gay Rights2550 Words   |  11 PagesComp II 8 May, 2015 Gay Marriage and Gay Rights For years there has been a debate on gay marriage and gay rights in America. Often government keeps pushing the issue back, or refuses to partake in the debates and discussions on whether or not this type of union is â€Å"legal† in the United States. My hope with this paper is to prove that gay marriage is not in fact unconstitutional, but that there is a right to freedom for everyone, no exclusions. When it comes to gay marriage, there seem to be a numberRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage Essay3392 Words   |  14 PagesWell it is 2007, and we are still dealing with the issue of gay marriage being good, and not good for America. Now maybe in 20 years gay marriage will be legal in each state, and this issue will be over. However, I deal in reality. And reality tells me the idea of two men frotting inside a home with children, frankly makes people sick to their stomachs. I prefer women, but I think what two grown people do in their bedrooms is their private moral, and legal business. Just like a straight couple thatRead MoreGay Marriage1280 Words   |  6 Pagesburrows, but flamboyantly celebrate their identities. The gays are now a people willing and ready to be heard. It has come to all of our attentions that in the light of marriage they have been depraved and deceived. Homosexuals cannot allow this persecution to continue, as they are constantly forfeited equal rights. The arguments are of lifestyle differences and the legalized discrimination of these people. It encompasses same-sex marriage as a cause worth fighting and defending so that we all mayRead MoreGay Marriage and Adoption732 Words   |  3 Pageswithout deviance we cannot define and clarify our moral boundaries. We need gay marriage to deviate society and brake the traditional marriage/relationship and encourage equality for all. The idea of gay marriage conflicts with their idea of marriage; that somehow when two people of the opposite sex are in love it is less official. Marx (con flict theorist) states that the dominant ideology in our country is that marriage is the union of a man and a woman, therefore, two men or two women can not be

The Health Of The Human Race - 1269 Words

The health of the human race relies on the earth’s resources for consumption of food and water. This dependency is crucial in order to maintain and sustain the future existence of humans on Earth. Unfortunately, as the world faces agricultural problems such as: price increases, overpopulation, and climate change, attaining food has proven to become more difficult. Food crises are issues that have plagued humans across the globe currently and historically. What makes this particular topic important is not only the innate human need for food, but the fact that this complex problem is characterized by a complex web of environmental and economic causes. Upon investigation of different food crises throughout history, the most important causes†¦show more content†¦As population grows, agricultural production will also grow which creates excessive amounts of green house gases from fertilizers, cultivation of livestock, and emissions of fuel from tractors and trucks (populati oninstitute.org). Climate change is already affecting many of the food sources available globally. Farmers across the world are experiencing the ebb and flow of temperature changes, droughts, floods, windstorms, and fires. These climatic disasters lead to issues with livestock and crop productivity, and thus, a shortage of food. Climate change has caused an immense rise in ocean temperatures causing some marine life to stray further away from fisheries in search of cooler water (epa.gov/climatechange). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined that over 40 million people in the Lower Mekong delta in Asia rely on fisheries for food (epa.gov/climatechange). The issue of melting Arctic ice caps changes the sea level which has affected water quality and amount of different marine species in this area (epa.gov/climatechange). The future of climate change is detrimental to regions that are currently affected by drought. For example, Australia and the Sahel region in Africa will be exposed to lower irrigation quantities (epa.gov/climatechange). In addition lower latitude areas are also like to experience a drop in crop production due to lack of water. Some African countries that depend on â€Å"rain-fed crops,† may experience a 50%Show MoreRelatedMedical Technology And The Future Health Of The Human Race1354 Words   |  6 Pagesother complications, such as those presented in the working environment of hospitals and nursing homes. Though some may argue that medical technology is too expensive, there is no monetary value to the future health of the human race. Medical technology does not fail to increase general health, productivity in the workplace, and more importantly, save lives. According to the CDC, in 2014, almost three million people died last year from illness in the United States. Without medical technology integratedRead MoreRacial Skepticism Is The Idea That Race, As A Biological1394 Words   |  6 PagesRacial skepticism is the idea that race, as a biological category, does not exist. Population-level genetic studies have established that race is not discernable as a biological category through genetic variation between races, as genetic variation is higher within folk racial groups than between them. Folk racial groups are categories used on Census forms, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, and the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). In â€Å"When Socially Determined Categories Make BiologicalRead MoreRace Advances Health Care Research1335 Words   |  6 Pagesand research, and should not be eliminated. Firstly, studying race advances health care research because it adds a layer of understanding between the doctor and the patient; the researcher and the subject. Race is a real aspect of human life, and ignoring it completely will make a superficial relationship between health care professionals and their patients. By studying the behavior of physicians, a 2010 study concluded â€Å"patient race is important to physicians when making decisions about precon ceptionRead MoreThe Tuskegee Study Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy could well be described as one of the most horrible medical scandals in the 20th century; a so-called â€Å"scientific† experiment which was an evidence of a race-based unethical medical practice. (Brandt, A.M., 1978) The Tuskegee Study was carried in and around Tuskegee in Macon County, Alabama, from 1932 to 1972. The United States Public Health Service (USPHS) initiated the study to gather more information about the effects of untreated syphilis in African American males. The subjects comprised ofRead MoreHuman Dignity and Universal Health Care Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesIntro: The universal health care was implemented in 1974 in Australia, providing health care and financial protection to all global citizens. Thus allowing every human a right to a standard living without separating citizens due to their disorder, illness or lifestyle. Human dignity can be explained as a form of inherent and self-worth, however this can also have the potential to be taken away from someone either by their actions or the society. I believe that the universal health care is extremelyRead MoreHuman Rights And The Rights1361 Words   |  6 PagesHuman rights are rights that claim that all human beings no matter what gender, race, religion language and etc., are all equally entitled to our human rights. They are the basic rights and freedoms to which all human beings are entitled to such as civil and political rights, the right to life and liberty, freedom of thought and speech/expression, equality before the law, social, cultural and economic rights, the right to food, the rig ht to work, and the right to education. .All have the right toRead MoreSocial Variables Of Race, Gender, Class And Health914 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy of human groups and social life in modern societies, more so concerned with social institution. Contribution of sociologist in understanding human behavior is remarkable. The aim of this paper is to explain how sociologist views the relationship between the key social variables of race, gender, class and health. The relationship between key social variables of race, gender, class and health is important for sociologist. Intersection of race, class and gender can help predict health related outcomesRead MoreThe Minority Group Patients Try To Avoid Being Associated1568 Words   |  7 Pagesin one race practice that may affect other patients from different race (Nayer, Hadnott, and Venable 2010). However, there are researchers who found out that same-race discrimination also exists in the health care system. â€Å"If discrimination is likely to occur regardless of the race of the provider, then one cannot successfully avoid discrimination by seeking care from a same-race health care providers.† 12.6 percent of the respondents they studied stated that they prefer different-race health careRead MoreRunning Is the Purest Form of Exercise1446 Words   |  6 PagesRunning is the purest form of exercise. Its simplicity requires minimal equipment or experience, as the running motion is an in nate movement for the human body. More specifically ultra running is beyond the marathon distance of 26.2 miles and incorporates distances of 50, 100, and 200-mile races. While it takes any novice athlete to take part in the simple act of running a few advanced individuals turn running into an art form and expand their expertise to endurance running as seen in ultra marathonRead MoreRace Labeling Of Non Whites From Clinical Trials1656 Words   |  7 PagesMoreover, Bidil race labeling might actually have undermined the broader goal of increasing racial minorities’ participation in clinical trials (Winickoff and Obasogie, 2008). For instance, by specifying African Americans as the only beneficiaries of BiDil, the same idea could be applied for a special efficacy drug for Whites, â€Å"the largest and most lucrative population segment of the United States† (Winickoff and Obasogie,2008). This logic could be used to justify the exclusion of non-Whites from

Essay on Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller - 801 Words

Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller The play, Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, takes issue with those in America who place too much stress upon material gain, at the expense of other, more admirable human values. Miller uses flashbacks to provide exposition, to foreshadow the upcoming tragedy, and most importantly to reveal character traits. An analysis of the main character, Willy Loman, illustrates the underlying theme that the concern over material success breaks down the bonds between men that form the basis of a smooth-functioning society. In a sense there are two Willy Lomans in this play. There is the present broken, exhausted man in his sixties, soon to end his life, and there is the more confident, vigorous†¦show more content†¦The father-son conflict between Willy and Biff is complex. First of all, there is a strong personal attachment. He wants Biff to love him. He remembers the fondness shown for him by Biff as a boy, and he still craves this. At this point, however, relations are strained. Although Willy shies away from remembering so painful an episode, he knows in his heart that his affair with the Boston woman left the boy bitterly disillusioned. Feeling some sense of guilt, Willy fears that all of Biff’s later difficulties may have been really attempts to get revenge. In other words, Biff failed to spite Willy. Although outwardly resenting such alleged vindictiveness, Willy still wants to get back the old comradeship, even if he has to buy it dearly. For instance consider when he a sked Ben, â€Å"Why can’t I give him something and not have him hate me?† and his final moment of joy and triumph occurs when he exclaims, â€Å"Isn’t that remarkable? Biff†¦ he likes me!† On the other hand, Willy is also emotionally involved with Biff because his son’s success of failure is his own. By becoming rich and influential, the handsome, personable Biff was slated to provide his own modest advancement. By making his fortune in the business world, Biff would prove that Willy had been right in turning downShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1387 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican play-write Arthur Miller, is undoubtedly Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller wrote Death of a Salesman in 1949 at the time when America was evolving into an economic powerhouse. Arthur Miller critiques the system of capitalism and he also tells of the reality of the American Dream. Not only does he do these things, but he brings to light the idea of the dysfunctional family. Death of a Salesman is one of America’s saddest tragedies. In Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman, three major eventsRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller888 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman† is a play written by Arthur Miller in the year 1949. The play revolves around a desperate salesman, Willy Loman. Loman is delusioned and most of the things he does make him to appear as a man who is living in his own world away from other people. He is disturbed by the fact that he cannot let go his former self. His wife Linda is sad and lonely; his youngest son Biff is presented as a swinger/player while his eldest son Happy appears anti-business and confused by the behaviorRead MoreDeath of Salesman by Arthur Miller972 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Death of a Salesman by the playwright Arthur Miller, the use of names is significant to the characters themselves. Many playwrights and authors use names in their works to make a connection between the reader and the main idea of their work. Arthur Miller uses names in this play extraordinarily. Not only does Miller use the names to get readers to correlate them with the main idea of the play, bu t he also uses names to provide some irony to the play. Miller uses the meanings of someRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and theRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller949 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman can be described as modern tragedy portraying the remaining days in the life of Willy Loman. This story is very complex, not only because of it’s use of past and present, but because of Willy’s lies that have cont inued to spiral out of control throughout his life. Arthur Miller puts a modern twist on Aristotle’s definition of ancient Greek tragedy when Willy Loman’s life story directly identifies the fatal flaw of the â€Å"American Dream†. Willy Loman’s tragic flaw can be recappedRead MoreThe Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller846 Words   |  4 PagesA Dime a Dozen The Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by playwright Arthur Miller and told in the third person limited view. The play involves four main characters, Biff, Happy, Linda, and Willy Loman, an ordinary family trying to live the American Dream. Throughout the play however, the family begins to show that through their endeavors to live the American Dream, they are only hurting their selves. The play begins by hinting at Willy’s suicidal attempts as the play begins with Linda askingRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller Essay2538 Words   |  11 PagesSurname 1 McCain Student’s Name: Instructor’s Name: Course: Date: Death of a Salesman Death of a salesman is a literature play written by American author Arthur Miller. The play was first published in the year 1949 and premiered on Broadway in the same year. Since then, it has had several performances. It has also received a lot of accordances and won numerous awards for its literature merit including the coveted Pulitzer for drama. The play is regarded by many critics as the perfectRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1628 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller wrote the Pulitzer Prize winning play Death of a Salesman in 1949. The play inflated the myth of the American Dream of prosperity and recognition, that hard work and integrity brings, but the play compels the world to see the ugly truth that capitalism and the materialistic world distort honesty and moral ethics. The play is a guide toward contemporary themes foreseen of the twentieth century, which are veiled with greed, power, and betrayal. Miller’s influence with the play spreadRead MoreDeath Of Salesman By Arthur Miller1475 Words   |  6 Pagesto death to achieve their so- called American dream. They live alone and there is no love of parents and siblings. They may have not noticed the America dream costs them so much, which will cause a bigger regret later. In the play Death of Salesman, Arthur Miller brings a great story of a man who is at very older age and still works hard to achieve his desire, which is the American dream. Later, he notices that his youth is gone and there is less energy in his body. Willy Loman is a salesman, whoRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller2081 Words   |  9 Pages#1 â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller is a tragedy, this play has only two acts and does not include scenes in the acts. Instead of cutting from scene to scene, there is a description of how the lighting focuses on a different place or time-period, which from there, they continue on in a different setting. The play doesn’t go in chronological order. A lot of the play is present in Willy’s flashbacks or memories of events. This provides an explanation of why the characters are acting a certain

Foundations of Management for Analysis - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theFoundations of Management for Critical Analysis. Answer: Introduction Organisational management is not an individual aspect but can be recognized as a set of practices which aims to manage the business and the organization in an effective manner. In the previous decades, there was a single meaning of management which applies of all sorts of the organisation (Omotayo, 2015). This kind of views and opinions was supported by several threats. But with the changing time and diverse needs of the organization and the employees, the researchers have developed diverse ways of managing people in an organisation. In several literatures, there has been a vast discussion on the statement that, There is only one best way to manage. Some of the researchers support the statement with some theoretical concepts and on the other hand the modern and contemporary theorists oppose this with newly developed frameworks and theories of management. The essay will present the favors as well as arguments in respect with the statement by the means of various theoretical approaches and critical analysis and literature (Choi, Poon and Davis, 2008). There is only one Best way to Manage According to the administrative management theory and the theorists Henry Fayol, Luther Gulick and James Mooney, there is a set and rational way for designing the organisation as a whole. As per these theorist and their respective management theories, there is a formalized structure in which the organizations are administered (Noe, et al., 2006). There is a clear and set delegation of authorities, power and division of labor and all the responsibilities of the individuals are predetermined. This shows that earlier, all the managers were used to take a similar approach in managing the organisation without diversifying the strategies and policies as per the diverse needs of the businesses, organisations and the employees (Hill, Jones and Schilling, 2014). Another theory which supported the concept that, all the organizations are managed by a single way is the theory of bureaucracy by Weber. As per this theory, for managing the organisation, there is a need of bureaucratic rule or management (Jones, 2010). The bureaucracy is the form of organizational structure where all the things are characterized by clear hierarchies, thorough division of responsibilities and labor, standardized requirements, procedures, processes and number of rules. As per the bureaucratic theory, all the organizations are required to follow a similar approach in managing the workforce and the activities. Weber explained that there is an essential need of such structure as the approach of bureaucratic structure is highly crucial in large organisation for managing the operations and the employees (Cole, 2004). The next theory is the scientific theory in management that has its support in the statement by its various aspects. The scientific theory also well known as Taylorism, because of the fact that it was developed by Frederick Taylor offers improved understanding of the industrial and organisational management (Suddaby, Hardy and Huy, 2011). Fredrick Taylor believed that in all the organisations there are few common elements that includes mass production, standardized products and efficiency. It is essential for the organisations to have standardized products as well as there must a permanent efficiency level in the output and the functions. Thus, the scientific management theory believes that for achieving such standardization, there is only a single way of managing things (Waring, 2016). If the organisations are managed in a different way, then there will be diverse level of efficiency as well as no standardization will be maintained, thus, as per eth views of the theorists and the theoretical concepts, there is only a one way of managing the organisation. The next theory that offers its supports to the aspect of managing organizations in a single way is the legitimacy theory. As per this theory, the actions and the practices of the organisations are bounded by some specific rules, laws and regulations (Jokipii, 2010). It is a general perception that the activities of an organization are appropriate and go with some socially developed beliefs, values and norms. This depicts and argues that, all the organizations are managed and regulated in one singly way. There is no need of diversification or specifications in the activities and because of this concept, there is a single approach which is followed in all the organisations for managing functions (Mikes and Kaplan, 2 013). Opposing to the concepts of one way manage, there are theories and theorists in the modern world who have focused on the increasing diversity issues in the organizations. In present time, there are diverse organisational culture which demands for specific rules, regulations and managing approaches for having an effective organisational management. In the 21st century, the maximum focus is laid on the management of the organisation and the workforce as they are the critical success factors for any organisation. Because of globalization and increased industrialization, there are enormous number of entities which have developed their specific and individual managerial practices for attaining higher employee satisfaction and effective organisational management (Smith and Lewis, 2011). In todays organizations, there is formation of a team and then the tasks are accomplished. For the faster and rapid achievement of the organizational goals and objectives, there is a vital role of the teams in the organisational culture. As per the contingency theory, it is explained that in the organizational world there is no single or best way of managing an organization, for leading a corporation or for making the decisions. This theory explains that the decisions and strategies are based upon the internal and external situations of an organisation. There is application of a specific and appropriate style of leadership by the contingent leader depending upon the situation and the circumstances. The business environment of every organization is different from each other (Jones, 2010). There are several external and internal factors which affects the business environment of the organisations. Thus, it is not feasible to manage all the organisations with one single way. The arrangement or the structure is another important aspect of the organizations which impacts the way it is managed. There are diverse factors in the organisations such as the scale at which it operations, number of workforce, operations, types of functions, domestic or globalised etc. All these factors are helpful in determining the organizational structure or the arrangement (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). And depending upon the organizational structure, there are designed and implemented management practices and strategies. As the organizational structure cannot be same for all the organisations, in a similar way, there management approaches and practices cannot be similar. The one if the most vital factor which demonstrates that there are diverse ways of managing g the organization is the employees. Due to increased level of globalization, there is enhanced cultural diversity among the organisational workforce. Because of increased diversity, the employees are from various groups and cultures, which require additional efforts by the organizations for managing them in an effective manner (Noe, et al., 2006). Depending upon the types of employees, the organisations plan their strategies and the management practices so that the diversity issues do not arise and there is effective and increased organisational productivity. If all the different types of employees are managed by a single way just like other organisations then it will not be able to satisfy the needs of the employees. This will result in employee dissatisfaction which ultimately results in decreased level of efficiency and productivity of the employees. Therefore, in the highly diversified or ganizations it is essential that appropriate ways of organisational management must be there (Danese, 2011). In present times, there is vital and significant importance of flexibility paradigms. Earlier there were used to implement rigid organisational structures for managing the organisations, but with high emphasis upon the workforce, there requires flexibility to be offered to the employees for their motivation and satisfaction. As per the flexibility paradigm, the employees are offered with high flexibility in the organisations. There are no strict rules or policies which bind them as well as them also have an opportunity to manage themselves and evaluate their performance on their own. Therefore, such approaches and flexibility are essential for the organisation for long term sustainability, employee engagements and effective management (Dalkir and Liebowitz, 2011). Conclusion With the changing needs of the markets and the environment, there are also numerous changes taking place in the organisations. There are several organizations which resist growth and development because of the paradox management practices. The old and traditional concept that, there is only one best way to manage is now replacing with the concept of right way to manage. From this essay it can b e concluded that, there are various theorists who have supported the concept of one best way in the past decades but with increased globalization and development, the organisation are switching to the contingency theory and are having modifications in their management practices and strategies as per the situations and the impact of the internal and external environments. Therefore, for having continuous growth, increased employee motivation and high organisational efficiency, it is necessary that the organisations must have the use of most appropriate way of management rather than sticking wit h the old and traditional ways. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Choi, B., Poon, S.K. and Davis, J.G., 2008. Effects of knowledge management strategy on organizational performance: A complementarity theory-based approach.Omega,36(2), pp.235-251. Cole, G.A., 2004.Management theory and practice. Cengage Learning EMEA. Dalkir, K. and Liebowitz, J., 2011.Knowledge management in theory and practice. MIT press. Danese, P., 2011. Towards a contingency theory of collaborative planning initiatives in supply networks.International Journal of Production Research,49(4), pp.1081-1103. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Jokipii, A., 2010. Determinants and consequences of internal control in firms: a contingency theory based analysis.Journal of Management Governance,14(2), pp.115-144. Jones, G.R., 2010. Organizational theory, design, and change. Mikes, A. and Kaplan, R.S., 2013. Towards a contingency theory of enterprise risk management. Noe, R.A., Hollenbeck, J.R., Gerhart, B. and Wright, P.M., 2006. Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage. Omotayo, F.O., 2015. Knowledge Management as an important tool in Organisational Management: A Review of Literature.Library Philosophy and Practice, p.1. Smith, W.K. and Lewis, M.W., 2011. Toward a theory of paradox: A dynamic equilibrium model of organizing.Academy of Management Review,36(2), pp.381-403. Suddaby, R., Hardy, C. and Huy, Q.N., 2011. Introduction to special topic forum: where are the new theories of organization?. Waring, S.P., 2016.Taylorism transformed: Scientific management theory since 1945. UNC Press Books.

Commoditizing the enterprise MIT Sloan Management Review

Best practices in an industry are identified after close monitoring and evaluation of a company’s performance. Industry best practices play a great role towards company productivity and this makes them to be the best in a company. In addition, they help a company while making key operational decisions at any given time.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Commoditizing the enterprise: MIT Sloan Management Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means that before any company comes up with any decision it must put into consideration the industry best practices. Therefore, it is only after identification of company’s best practices that it could capitalize on them and make the best out of these practices (Conway, 2009). In addition, the practices could be used to reinforce poorly performing practices in a company. Based on the above, I could apply company best practices approach while making decisions in a company. It is appropriate to apply best practices while making decisions because it is possible to benchmark the practices with those related in another industry. This helps a company to grow and attain the standards of the industry it has been benchmarked with. In addition, best practices enables an organization to achieve competitive advantage because it directs its resources to its best practices. Further, best practices play a great part in product development because by adopting the best practices an organization acquires new knowledge. Due to the fact that new practices pertain using the knowledge and skills to apply what an organization can do best it therefore means that the success will be achievable (Dyer Hatch 2004). Additionally, quality improvement in services and products is improved when best practices are adopted in a company. Industry best practices have been applied by Toyota Company whereby the suppliers have teamed up so as to utilize what they can do bes t in order to achieve the company goals. In addition, the suppliers have teamed up with other related departments for instance consultant groups. This is meant to foster teamwork and facilitate sharing of ideas since these are some of the best practices that the company has (Dyer Hatch 2004).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, suppliers are found in different companies and they meet after a while making it possible for them to learn from each other and improve on their operations. The knowledge is shared by all the suppliers and by the time the competitors learn of the new knowledge Toyota is always one step ahead in terms of innovation. On the other hand, industry best practices adoption may be hard to enforce because it is not always easy to identify the company’s best practices.Additionally, it could be hard to tell what best practices are bearing in mi nd that there are too many practices in a company. This could also take a long time since there must be scrutiny of the practices before their implementation. Further, Toyota Company has performed well by utilizing the best practices while making decisions. On the other hand, there could be some barriers that could be incompatible for instance formation of strategic alliances which could be incompatible (Dyer Hatch, 2004). This is however not always the case and in some situations it might be hard therefore making the company encounter substantial losses. When a company opts to divest itself of its noncore functions and outsources them, it gains competitive advantage because it could concentrate on what it can do best. In addition, the company get funds when it divest and hence it could use the funds to pay for the debts or use the fund to carry out it’s tasks just to mention but a few. Further, the company saves time by eliminating repetitive processes which could delay ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s operations. References Conway, D. (2009). Perl Best Practices. Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media, Inc. Dyer.H.J Hatch.W.N. (2004). MIT Sloan Management Review: Using Supplier Network to Learn Faster. Massachusetts.Vol.44.No.3 Retrieved : www.sloan review.mit.eduon 27th May 2013.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Commoditizing the enterprise: MIT Sloan Management Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ivanov, D., Sokolov, B. V. (2010). Adaptive supply chain management. London: Springer. This essay on Commoditizing the enterprise: MIT Sloan Management Review was written and submitted by user Amel1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

American beauty Essays

American beauty Essays American beauty Essay American beauty Essay Essay Topic: American Beauty Lester Burn is 42. Working in a corporation, he is Just a cog in the wheel, having completely lost the Joy of life. He doesnt get on well neither with his wife Caroline, nor with his daughter Jenny. The former- an energetic business woman, but really a woman on the verge ofa nervous breakdown- has an affair with her boss. The daughter despises of her father. Both of them consider Lester a looser. Meeting Angela, Jennys best friend, changes the life of a frustrated 40-year-old. The man falls n love with the sexy teenager and it is like a breath of fresh air for him. He suddenly sees the lies and sick system he had been entangled in. Lester decides to leave it all behind: he quits his Job and starts to take care of only himself, which comes down to practicing weightlifting, looking back at the time of his youth in the decay of flower power and smoking pot bought from Ricky, the boy next door. And, of course, dreaming about Angela. It is another time of the day when the social life prospers. The Milanaise have supper t home, with their families, or at a restaurant in the neighborhood. In the evenings they party in a typically Italian spirit. Bars and clubs are overcrowded. Milan is the city of international fairs. Almost every week the theme changes: starting with fashion, through computer electronics to end with gastronomy. Some fairs are open to public, for example alimentary fairs. Having bought a ticket for about 7 euro, one can wander from stand to stand all day long and try culinary specialties from all around the world to one hearts content. Cutting into the back of the car, Carolyn shuts the hatchback aggressively, showing her anger or possibly busyness. This creates darkness on the whole scene. Fading into the following scene, we view Carolyn opening up the house, and saying what could only appear what to be her daily mantra I will sell this house today This suggests she has possibly seaked therapy, and has been told to boost her confidence by doing it. Arranging her desk, almost frantically making everything look perfect and putting the house details onto the desk. The camera cuts to behind her, where she is seen to be wriggling out of her Business dress, into a more sexy red satin negligee, possibly showing a more passionate side to herself. From this scene, quiet background music is added; it seems fast, possibly to show how fast she is working. Impelling forward, Carolyn is seen to be singing, while rhythmically cleaning the windows. Once again she repeats her mantra of I will sell this house today to boost her confidence and show determination. Next she is seen to be boisterously cleaning the kitchen in a low angle scene, from the floor to the table, this shows her obsessiveness to get the house clean. Opening the doors to the house, Carolyn enthusiastically Hello! Im Carolyn Burnham while putting on a phoney Air hostess type smile at the same time. Walking quickly by the hallway, Carolyn says, This is the big room, its very dramatic indicating the overly gaudy wallpaper. A voice off scene from Carolyn says Wait till you see the native stone fireplace. While the clients look overwhelmed and unimpressed. Focusing on the wall and stone fireplace, shows a extremely dull and depressing massive slab of grey rocks stuck on a wall, yet Carolyn still trys to put a lighter approach on it by saying A simple cream could really lighten things up. You could even put in a skylight! This shows she is lying and is putting on a massive phoney smile to possibly brighten the place up. The scene then finishes by cutting to the clients extremely dull unimpressed and unconvinced reaction. Cutting into the next scene shows Carolyn walking into a dark, kitchen, completely bare and uninteresting, Carolyn exclaims Its a dream come true for any cook, its full of energy, huh? The next low angle show focuses on a plain empty room with a bright orange wall, and Carolyn pulling on a ceiling fan rope saying Youll be surprised how much a ceiling fan cuts down on energy costs She then does another phoney smile, with the two clients looking once again unimpressed. Shifting into the next scene, which is located in the back garden by a pool, Carolyn proclaims you know, you could have some really fun backyard get together out here but only gets a cocky response of The ad says the pool was lagoon-like. Theres nothing lagoon-like about it. Carolyn is obviously starting to get stressed now, but is still being persuasive even though the client is unimpressed and sarcastic towards her. Viewing a long shot of the pool, a client says There arent even any plants out here The camera then goes to a close up on the infuriated Carolyn, she replies with What dya call this? Is this not a plant? If you have a problem with the plants, I can always call my landscape architect, solved. Her voice is starting to show her frustration, and her anger is breaking through the faked smile. Fading back into the house, Carolyn closes the patio doors and pulls the vertical blinds across, she looks almost in control, until she turns around, with the camera closed up on her face, she starts to cry loudly, banging her head against the glass, she slaps her own face and screams SHUT UP, Stop it, you weak, you baby, just shut up, shut up, shut up! I believe this shows how stressed and frustrated she has been throughout the whole day, and is letting it out now, also I think that she says SHUT UP, Stop it, you weak, you baby, just shut up, shut up, shut up! because she has been advised by a therapist to do so, to possibly control herself. In conclusion we learn about Caroline, her aspirations, disappointment and obsessions via the use of language, presentation and structure

Activity Analysis #6 - Newspaper Article Review Essay

Activity Analysis #6 - Newspaper Article Review - Essay Example Even as a strong set up it was, the sudden loss of seven of its employees jolted the management structure and the company was forced to freeze its operation for a week. The reports of officials said Mr. McDermott; the accused apparently had no permits for possessing the weapons. However, the man had never been arrested for any criminal breach. The victims were of different regions of residence and were no way in possession of professional dealings with the accused. Sources also revealed that the man had lived a secluded life away from relationships. However, there are no factors predictive of workplace violence present in Edgewater case. The report of the shoot-to-death case was subsequently attached to case registers of various other issues of homicides occurred in different locations across the United States of America. Texas, Tampa, Honolulu, Alaska, Atlanta, Newington, California and Los Angeles had marked records of such happenings of industrial dispute resulting in manslaughter at famous companies. Although the reason behind the impulsive killing instinct is inexplicable, investigating authorities depend on the behavioral patterns of the accused to find out the reasons for such heinous acts in various cases to record and store for further references of repetitions of such incidents. Work place violence (WPV) refers to violence that originates from employees or employers. Work place violence is identified as the second-leading cause of homicide in the United States of America; for instance, almost 1000 workers are killed each year at workplace (Fisher & Lab, 2010, p. 1072). Violence in the work place is a serious safety and health issue. A clear definition of WPV can be read out as incidents where people are abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances relating to their work, involving an explicit or implicit challenge to

Audit Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Audit Evidence - Essay Example These are all physical items owned by a business; these may include Land, motor, buildings and other freehold property. Besides these physical assets there is also another class of assets referred to as intangible assets, this class contains such items as patents, copyrights and good will. What the auditor does in looking for audit evidence is that he checks these particular items individually for things like physical location for those it can be verified. Items which may require verification are buildings and freehold property. The auditor also considers amortizations for intangible assets such as goodwill and patents. The other class of assets is the Current assets that include fast moving goods of the business and other short term items of the business among these are the inventory, account receivables, and liquid money that is held by the business. It should however be noted that all the items may not involve the same methods of gathering the evidence as some tend to offer a complicated documentation process while others have a simpler system thus for the auditor to decide what method to use he has to consider each of these items and determine which of the items requires what method. In the following discussion I wish to determine what method to use in each of the selected items in the current assets namely inventory and account receivables. Under the examination method different modes are used by the auditor depending on the item involved. (Elder, Bisley and Arens 2008) Inventories These require physical counts by the auditor to verify the amounts indicated in the records, this verification may involve several methods - The client does the counting and the auditor simply observes and does test counting for some of the items. -The auditor does literal counting for all inventories Other procedures touching on inventory involve examination of purchase invoices and sales reports for a given period. Also determining whether the inventory is pledged or is subject to liens. Accounts receivables These all debts owned to the business what the auditor needs to check when it comes to these is whether some are overdue and also check on the ones that may look very s8uspicious.These may include recurrent accounts with very huge balances etc Checking of these accounts mainly provide evidence on rights and obligations. Advantage of this method of evidence gathering The auditor gets first hand information, this

T-tests For Independent And Related Samples Essay Example for Free

T-tests For Independent And Related Samples Essay Research Problem   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the increased violence that occurs in our society, it is a reality that most children on social welfare or those who have been placed in foster care have had negative experiences. Some children need to be counseled and psychologically helped in order to regain their sense of self and to help them cope with the difficulties that lie ahead of them. The most evident problems that these children have are in terms of their education and schooling. Despite the efforts of social welfare to help them get the education they need, most children drop out of high school. This study would like to determine the difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care who received counseling and those who did not receive counseling. Research Question   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is there any difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care who had received counseling compared to those who did not? Hypothesis: Null hypothesis: There is no significant difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care whether they received counseling or not. Alternative hypothesis: There is a significant difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care when they received counseling compared to those who did not. Independent variable: Counseling sessions Dependent variable: Graduation rate (high school) Statistical Design: For this study, the appropriate statistical design is the related samples design (within groups) since the goal is to determine whether counseling sessions significantly increased or decreased the graduation rates of children in foster care which satisfies the assumption of the related sample t-test measures. Effect size: The effect size between the two means would indicate the degree or level of the difference between two groups, it could be high, moderate or low effect which would also indicate just how significant the difference between the two means are from each other. A probability value would not be able to clearly point out just how big the difference is. Table 1 t-test Result t df p.05 Graduation rate (with counseling vs without counseling) 2.69 73 .009 N = 30; ES = .60 Table 1 indicates that children in foster care who had received counseling were found to significantly have higher rates of graduation than those who have not received counseling. The t value (2.69) was found to be statistically significant (p.05), thus we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis that children in foster care are more likely to graduate if they had received counseling. It was also found that the effect size for this result was .60 which is according to Cohen (1988) is of medium degree. This would mean that the difference in the graduation rates for the two groups may be statistically significant but the difference is actually not so big that other factors may actually come into play with why children who receive counseling have better graduation rates. Statistics N = 30 Mean 1 = 14.75; SD = 6.03 Mean 2 = 10.74; SD = 6.69 t = 2.69 df = 73 p = .009

Its the End of the World as We Know it, and I Feel Fine :: essays research papers

It's the End of the World as We Know it, and I Feel Fine Earl. It rhymed with girl. He always took a lot of heat for that. But that was before the Easter egg. The extraordinary Easter egg. Earl’s extraordinary Easter egg†¦ He got it as a gift from his mean cousin Katie that never was and never will be nice to him (she kept teasing his name). It looked like nothing special to him. Probably just some chocolate inside but it definitely wasn’t an ordinary egg. This egg contained extra-terrestrial contents that have enormous potential. As he unwrapped the cheap aluminum wrapper encasing the egg, a little note fell out. At first, what seemed like an encoded language scribbled on the note moved its lines around and became American English. This is the pod of life and destruction. In the pod contains objects from the seventh dimension. Its purpose is to continue the mere existence of the universe by destroying much of it. 3,465,735,180,261 EUs received  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  32 EUs needed Note: The reader of this is cursed with the occupation of feeding the pod the energy it needs to complete its objective. Nice prank Kate but this is too stupid to be funny or scary, Earl thought. As he was about to throw it out, he noticed that the egg felt warm to his touch. He easily broke open the plastic shell and inside was a very strange looking object. It looked like a cool blue rock that shimmered like water. It felt like slick rubber but it bended and changed shape like Jell-o. This is weird, Earl though. As he was running out the kitchen door to ask Katie about this, the â€Å"thing† slipped out of his hand and a bounced straight up a couple hundred feet. While it was still going up, it disappeared. Uh-oh, Earl thought, it’s going to do whatever it’s supposed to do! Then, it warped back into existence right in the palm of Earl’s hand! Weird, Earl thought, better not tell Katie right away. At night, he put the pod under his pillow. It just made him feel safer when it’s in his hands than in his parents bedroom. Next morning, he felt really tired. He glanced at the slip and was shocked at the numbers on it. It read that instead of 32 EUs needed, it only said 3. Uh-oh, I looked at the back of the slip and found more words on it.

Economic Value Added

EVA is a way of measuring a firm's profitability. EVA is NOPAT minus a charge for all capital invested in the business (Byrne 1). A more intuitive way to think of EVA is as the difference between a firms NOPAT and its total cost of capital (Kramer & Pushner 40). Stern Staurt's numerical definition of EVA is calculated for any year by multiplying a firm's economic book value of capital  © at the beginning of the year by the spread between its return on capital  ® and its cost of capital (K): EVA=(Rt-Kt)*Ct-1 (Kramer &Pushner 41). EVA is a notion of residual income (Ehrbar Xi). Investors demand a rate of return proportional to the amount of risk incurred. Operating profits determine residual income by plotting them against the required rate of return, a product of both debt and equity. EVA takes into account all capital invested. Peter Druker says in his Harvard Business Review article, â€Å"EVA is based on something we have known for a long time: What we call profits, the money left to service equity, is not profit at all. Until a business returns a profit that is greater than its cost of capital, it operates at a loss. Never mind that it pays taxes if it had a genuine profit. The enterprise still returns less to the economy than it devours in resources†¦. Until then it does not create wealth but destroys it† (Ehrbar 2). EVA is a measure of wealth creation or destruction after all costs are capitalized. Companies use EVA as a measure of corporate performance, as an incentive system and as a link between shareholder and management/employee goals. Stock price indicates investor's certainty concerning current and future earnings potential. EVA is a static measure of corporate performance; MVA is a dynamic, forward looking market performance measure. MVA is a market generated number calculated by subtracting the Capital invested in a firm  © from the sum (V) of the total market value of the firm's equity and book value of debt: MVA=Vt-Ct† (Kramer & Pushner 42). Al Ehrbar describes MVA as exactly equivalent to the stock market's estimate of the NPV of a company. In 1998 CSX Corperation introduced EVA criteria to the fast growing but low margin CSX Intermodal business, where trains deliver freight to waiting trucks or cargo ships. Large amounts of capital are required to power a mammoth fleet of locomotive, containers and railcars. Figuring in capital costs, CSX Intermodal lost $70 million in 1988. â€Å"The CEO issued an ultimatum, et EVA up or be sold† (Fortune, 39). CSX Intermodal freight volume increased by 25%, yet they dramatically reduced their capital cost by reducing the number of container and trailers by 22%, reducing their locomotive fleet by 33%, and reducing fuel costs. EVA in 1992 was $10 million dollars, and was expected to triple the following year. Wall Street responded: CSX stock price rose from $28 before EVA to a 1993 price of $75. CSX concluded that investors care more about their net cash return on capital than accounting figures such as EPS, ROE and ROA. Companies that adopt EVA as a performance measure found tie-in compensation plans very useful in aligning management behavior and shareholder needs. Typical plans consist of two familiar parts, a bonus and stock incentives, applied in new ways (Fortune 50). Bonus targets are established by a percent increase in EVA and recalculated each year by averaging the prior year's goal and the prior year's result. Bonus have no limits, but the manager incurs operating risk because some of the bonus is put in a â€Å"bank,† say, for five years. If over the next five years management performs poorly, and EVA drops, the â€Å"bank† account is depleted. Management incurs the risks and benefits just as owners do. Joel Stern notes that in cases without an EVA incentive plan, employees suffer from a common problem. On average their fixed pay, salaries and pension, are too high, and their variable pay, profit sharing and share options, are to low (Ehbar XIX). Stern adds that size, not value, drives employees in typical incentive programs because size is positively correlated with increases in fixed pay and closely thereafter, variable pay, even if it destroys shareholder wealth. EVA protects shareholder interests by depositing variable pay into a deferred account that can be lost if value is eroded. EVA, as a corporate measure and a predictive tool, generates mixed reviews in the business and academic worlds. AT&T's Jim Meen says, â€Å"The correlation between MVA and EVA is very high. So when your driving your business toward EVA, your really driving the correlation with market value† (Kramer & Pushner, 43). Stern Stewart finds an R squared value of 60% based on 20 groupings of firms (Kramer & Pushner, 41). Contenders site statistical evidence to the contrary. BCG-Holt calculates an R square, after removing 21 outliers, of 27%. Dodd and Chen report that EVA accounts for only 20. 2% of the variation in stock returns for a sample of 500 companies, while ROA explains 24. 5% of market returns (Kramer & Pushner, 43). In their paper â€Å"An Empirical Analysis of Economic Value Added as a Proxy for Market Value Added,† Kramer and Pushner test the hypothesis that EVA is highly correlated with MVA. Simple regression analysis is used to test this hypothesis and other market determinants of market value such as NOPAT. First Kramer and Pushner test the relationship between the level of MVA and the level of EVA using the SS1000. In all cases the level of MVA positively relates to both NOPAT and EVA in the same and prior periods. However, in all cases, NOPAT explains more of the total variation in MVA than EVA† (O'Byrne & Stewart 44). This suggests that the level of NOPAT is not only a better proxy but also a better predictor of corporate performance than the level of EVA. Results for weighted least squares, change in MVA and variations are described graphically in appendix 1. Kramer and Pushner conclude that there is no clear evidence that EVA is the best measure of corporate success in adding value to shareholder investments (Kramer and Pushner, 47). Stephen F. O'Byrne and Stern Stewart and Co. tested a similar hypothesis. Their objective is to show that EVA provides a theoretical and practical measure of operating performance. O'Byrne and Stewart substantiate the explanatory power of EVA relative to earnings because, unlike previous studies, they recognize two important characteristics: Multiples of positive EVA are significantly higher than multiples of negative EVA, which implies that companies with negative EVAs have values that are higher than what would be expected if the market valued EVA at the same multiple. Multiples of capital tend to decline with company size, which suggest that the market assigns higher multiples to a given level of EVA for smaller companies. Stewart, 117). O'Byrne and Stewart suggest at first glance that earnings and EVA have about the same level of success in explaining market value. The variance explained ranges around 32%. Taking into account the two characteristics listed above, the explanatory power of their model increases to 42%. Five-year changes in EVA explain 55% of the variation in market value, and ten-year changes in EVA explain 74% of the variation in ten-year changes. The NOPAT model has 15%-20% less explanatory power. The results of O'Byrne and Stewart research appear in appendix 2. They conclude that because EVA is systematically linked to market value, it proves to be a better predictor of market value than other performance measures. Proponents of EVA also argue that GAAP standards distort true economic reality, produce unreliable corporate standards and serve as an unproductive compensation system. Harvard business school professor Baruch Lev states that; â€Å"Overall, the fragile association between accounting data and capital market's values suggest that usefulness of financial reports is rather limited† (Ehrbar, 161). Some differences in GAAP and economic reality stem from a bias toward conservative estimates, compounded by SEC requirements driving conservative financial policies. The principal divergence is GAAP's treatment of equity. The cost of equity should be capitalized. The cost of borrowed capital shows up in a companies interest expense. â€Å"But the cost of equity capital, which the shareholders have contributed, typically appears nowhere in any financial statement-and equity is extraordinarily expensive† (Fortune, 38). Ehrbar contends that GAAP distorts economic reality in areas such as R&D, strategic management, expense recognition, depreciation, restructuring charges, taxes and balance sheet adjustments (64). R&D under GAAP standards require Corporations to immediately expense R&D in the period in which they occur, where as managers and investors see R&D as an investment. GAAP's treatment of R&D reduces book value by writing down the asset to $0; EVA would capitalize R&D and amortize it over a period of time. Lastly, GAAP incentives can be ineffective motivators. For example, a retiring officer's pension plan is linked to earnings. During their last year they might skimp on R&D to boost earnings because their pension plan is tied to performance. Operating earnings often serve as the benchmark for management compensation. Management has the incentive to negotiate a target that is easy to beat. Managers aim low, insuring their bonus. Trade loading is a second example of how GAAP can affect management decisions concerning bonuses and owner interests. EVA as a measure of financial performance is positively related MVA, but depending on the methodology, the result vary. Kramer and Pushner used simple univariate regressions to compare EVA with other measures explaining EVA. Their results were mixed, NOPAT's explanatory power in Ordinary Least Squares Regressions outperformed EVA by 9%, however when weighted, EVA's explanatory power was higher overall and surpassed NOPAT by 6%. Kramer and Pushner note that the market focuses on profits rather than EVA. Investors rely on earnings estimates that are consistently calculated within the industry. This is not the case for FCF or EVA. Lastly, Kramer and Pushner observe, â€Å"investors certainly need to be aware of capital structure, they should already by familiar with the opportunity cost of their investment and may not need to incorporate this into the measure of performance† (Kramer and Pushner 47). Investors may be familiar with the opportunity cost of their investments, although EVA analysis can illuminate problems, such as those created by GAAP accounting, that may not be recognized otherwise. Stephen O'Byrne and Stern Stewarts calculation required the recognition of two important characteristics that drastically changed the explanatory power of EVA. They note that simple a simple regression model, similar to the one used by Kramer and Pushner, depresses the predictive power of EVA and inflates the predictive power of earnings (Stewart 120). EVA with industry coefficients explains and impressive â€Å"56% of the variation in actual market/capital ratios† (Stewart 121). It also produces notable results for changes in EVA and market value over time. Far better results than NOPAT. My results using a simple linear regression model parallels Kramer and Pushner's results. EVA in 1997 has the highest R square factor, at 33%, but is far from the results calculated by Stewart. EVA's R squared increased dramatically since 1992. This is consistent with the economic trend of the 90's, so the increase may not necessarily reflect an increase in EVA due to internal factors, but an external factor, such as the greatest economic expansion in recorded history. All four factors consistently increase from 1992 to 1997. EVA could be a valuable tool if it is tailored to the company and industry. This requires an understanding and adjustment for different EVA multiples for positive and negative EVA and different capital multiples for different size companies. This requires complex calculations, a regularly cited problem. However, in this context EVA lives up to its reputation as a great measure of corporate performance. Other functions, such as aligning employee and shareholder goals, the basis for an incentive system and a more realistic picture of economic reality, makes EVA more attractive. I would recommend using Stern Stewart model to calculate EVA.

Summary or Baby Thesis - 623 Words

------------------------------------------------- Fourth Year AB-Philosophy An Analysis of Don Ihde’s Phenomenology of Technics in Relation to Man’s Dependence on Computers Summary In this thesis, the researcher would like to expound the meaning of our relation to technology as means-ends relationship. Don Ihde’s Phenomenology of Technics (1990) which builds on insight from Heidegger and Meleau-Ponty, provides further points of relevance in prefacing a discussion of the dynamics characterizing the navigation of the city. Phenomenology of Ihde has been modified and it has been corrected by the environmental model of pragmatism under the influence of John Dewy. According to Idhe, â€Å"pragmatism counterbalances Husserl’s†¦show more content†¦Technology as a system tends to involve the perception of the inextricable and relentless quality of technological change, and the sense of being caught up inside of it. In this thesis, the researcher would like to use this phenomenology of technics in order to show our different kind of relationships with technology. As one of the common standards of people today in determining which among the countries, cities, municipalities etc. is advance, productive and civilized (urbanized) is through the technology it has. And one of the main factors of this fast technological advancement is computer. Computer seems to be the example of this concept of Ihde, from embodiment, to hermeneutic, to alterity and up to background. 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